Psychotropic drugs commonly used name, dosage and side effects common

psychotropic drugs commonly used name, dosage, and common side effects
one, antipsychotics
chlorpromazine (Dong Mianling)
side effects:
1. extrapyramidal side effects: paralysis agitans type, akathisia, acute dystonia, tardive dyskinesia.
2. anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, difficulty urinating, urinary retention, intestinal paralysis, memory loss.
3. cardiovascular side effects: tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension. ECG changes, PR prolonged, QRS widening, T wave flat, inversion, ST depression.
4. effect on the liver: often single aminotransferase increased, even can cause cholestatic jaundice, stopping after the resumption.
5. on the endocrine effects: occasional lactation, breast enlargement, amenorrhea, menstrual disorders, sexual function changes.
6. eye, skin effects: common with solar dermatitis, drug-induced dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis occurs individually, exposed parts of the pigmentation . Ocular complications, mainly the cornea and lens are fine sediment, but does not affect visual acuity, intraocular pressure increased occasionally.
7. on the hematopoietic system: occasional neutropenia or purpura.
8. This product can cause allergies, drug-induced depression, sometimes malignant syndrome.
9. Intravenous local irritation when large, can cause thrombophlebitis. Intramuscular injection of local pain, sterile abscess may occur.
10. long-term use can cause weight gain, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance.
preparation:
1. tablet: 5mg; 12.5mg; 25mg; 50mg
2. injection: 10mg (1ml); 25mg (1ml); 50mg (2ml)
perphenazine
side effects:
1. extrapyramidal side effects: tremor, akinesia, increased muscle tone, spastic torticollis, eye crisis, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia.
2. anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention, tachycardia.
3. endocrine and metabolic disorders: hyperprolactinemia, impotence, frigidity, menopause , gynecomastia, weight gain, hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance to change.
4. orthostatic hypotension, ECG QT interval prolongation.
5. skin rash may occur, allergic reactions, photosensitivity reactions.
preparation:
1. tablet: 2mg; 4mg
2. injection: 5mg (1ml); 5mg (2ml)
3. long-acting agents: G perphenazine 25mg (1 ml)
haloperidol
side effects: extrapyramidal reactions common to tremor, akinesia, rigidity, akathisia, spastic torticollis, eye crisis, torsion spasm based. Long-term use can cause tardive dyskinesia. In addition, there are fatigue, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, sweating, lethargy, loss of appetite. Have teratogenic effects.
preparation:
1. tablet: 2mg; 4mg.
2. injection: 5mg (1ml); long-acting injection, haloperidol decanoate 50mg (2ml).
sulpiride
side effects: a sleep disorder, mild extrapyramidal reactions common. There are anxiety, irritability, anxiety, menstrual disorders, impotence, gynecomastia, lactation, ejaculation can not, thirst, sweating, dysuria, ataxia, gastrointestinal reactions, low blood pressure. ECG shows sinus bradycardia, ST-T changes and bundle branch block.
preparation:
1. tablet: 10mg; 100mg
2. injection: 50mg (2ml); 100mg (2ml)
clozapine
side-effects: Common with salivation, constipation, drowsiness, fatigue, nausea, bloating, dizziness, tachycardia. Low incidence of extrapyramidal effects, less effect on sexual function. Long-term use produces excessive sedation; weight increased significantly. Large doses may induce epileptic seizures; on the cardiovascular effects, can cause orthostatic hypotension, ECG abnormalities, rare myocardial damage; central and anticholinergic reactions, dry mouth, blurred vision, affect memory function; long-term use can cause obsessive-compulsive disorder ; individual patients may occur leukopenia, neutropenia, or lack of.
preparation:
tablets: 25mg; 50mg;
risperidone (Risperdal, Sili Shu, Zhuofei)
side-effects: Common insomnia, anxiety, agitation, headache. Unusual drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, indigestion, constipation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, blurred vision, rhinitis, rash and other allergic reactions. Can cause hyperprolactinemia, there lactation, breast tenderness, menstrual disorders, amenorrhea, impotence, libido decreased. Mild extrapyramidal reactions, occurrence and dose related. Doses> 6mg / day can occur tremor, rigidity, salivation, bradykinesia, akathisia, acute dystonia. Occasional hypotension, tachycardia, tardive dyskinesia, malignant syndrome, can cause weight gain.
preparation:
1. tablet: 1mg (white); 2mg (orange); 3mg (yellow); 4mg (green)
2. Oral: 30mg (ml) / bottle
olanzapine (Zyprexa, Xi Min)
side effects: The weight gain, lethargy, transient prolactin increase (expressed as male breast enlargement, lactation, menstrual disorders) common. Occasional dizziness, akathisia, increased appetite, peripheral edema, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, constipation, transient asymptomatic liver dysfunction. The side effects are characterized by excessive sedation, weight gain significantly, extrapyramidal reactions are mild, rare dystonia, tardive dyskinesia induced significantly lower.
preparations: tablets 5mg; 7.5mg; 10mg
quetiapine (Seroquel, Shu Si, Kai-dimensional)
side-effects: Common drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, headache, dry mouth, constipation, palpitations, orthostatic hypotension, abnormal liver enzymes, mild weight gain. Occasional leukopenia, fever, chest pain. Few extrapyramidal reaction. Thyroid hormone therapy can be a slight reduction in the level, not elevated prolactin levels.
preparations: tablets: 25mg; 100mg; 200mg
Qi piperazine West ketone
side effects: a common headache, drowsiness, nasal congestion, fatigue, nausea, and indigestion, occasional insomnia, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, constipation and weight gain. Extrapyramidal effects and anticholinergic effects weak.
preparations: tablets: 20mg; 40mg
Second, antidepressants
fluoxetine (Prozac, gifted g)
side effects: the early treatment of nausea, anorexia, diarrhea, insomnia, tremor, fatigue, anxiety, headache and continue to gradually adapt to the treatment. Occasional rash, hypomania, flu-like symptoms. Large doses can induce epilepsy. Without cardiac toxicity.
preparations: tablets: 20mg capsules: 20mg
sertraline (Zoloft)
side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, nausea, anorexia, diarrhea, dyspepsia, ejaculation delay. Occasional orthostatic hypotension, tremor, dizziness, anxiety, agitation, elevated liver transaminases.
preparations: tablets: 50mg; 100mg
paroxetine (Seroxat)
side effects: dry mouth, nausea, constipation, vomiting, loss of appetite, headache, dizziness, tremor, fatigue, sleep disturbance, sweating, sexual dysfunction, ejaculation delay, lack of female sexual pleasure. Cardiovascular side effects are minor.
preparations: tablets: 20mg
citalopram (hi Pu Miao)
side effects: mild and transient. Common are nausea, sweating, headaches, sleep disorders, rare seizures.
preparations: tablets: 20mg
fluvoxamine (blue release)
side effects: nausea, vomiting, common, occasional drowsiness, dizziness, headache, insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, agitation, tremor, constipation, diarrhea, anorexia, dyspepsia, dry mouth, abdominal discomfort, sweating, weakness, palpitations, tachycardia.
agents: Evaluation: 50mg
amitriptyline
side effects:
1. anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, difficulty urinating.
2. Cardiovascular: tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, ECG changes.
3. dizziness, mania-like excitement, agitation, abnormal liver function.
preparations: tablets: 20mg
Doxepin (doxepin)
side effects: mild. Drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, dull, urinary retention, dizziness, palpitations, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, sweating, drug eruption, photosensitivity, pruritus, local edema, sexual dysfunction.
preparations: tablets: 25mg
trazodone (U.S. Shu Yu)
side effects: drowsiness, dizziness, headache, fatigue, tremor, dry mouth, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, constipation, postural hypotension, arrhythmia, painful penile erection, impotence, ejaculation disorder, lack of sexual pleasure . Occasional rash, neutropenia, mildly elevated liver transaminases.
preparations: tablets (capsules): 50mg; 100mg
venlafaxine (venlafaxine, Bole Yan, Effexor)
side effects:
1. Digestive system: nausea, dry mouth, anorexia, constipation, vomiting.
2. nervous system symptoms: dizziness, drowsiness, dreams, nervousness, insomnia, sweating.
3. sexual dysfunction: decreased libido, impotence, abnormal ejaculation.
4. occasional weakness, bulge, tremor, agitation, diarrhea, rhinitis and so on.
preparation: capsules: 25mg
Mirtazapine (mirtazapine)
side-effects: Common drowsiness, dry mouth, increased appetite, weight gain. Few palpitations, hypotension, rash, constipation, tremor, and edema. Occasional leukocyte, granulocyte and thrombocytopenia.
preparations: tablets: 15mg; 30mg; 45mg.
Third, anti-anxiety drugs
midazolam (more U.S. Sport)
side effects: medication may have forgotten the initial occurrence, susceptible patients may lead to drug dependence.
preparation:
1. tablet: 7.5mg; 15mg
2. injection: 5mg (1ml); 15mg (3ml)
buspirone (Qi-bit)
side effects: gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, loss of appetite, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, agitation, insomnia, paresthesia. Occasional mild ECG T wave changes and abnormal liver function. No drug dependence.
preparations: tablets: 5mg; 10mg.
left horse clone (c e)
side effects: occasional drowsiness, dry mouth, mouth pain, weakness, forgetfulness, irritability, headache, fatigue. Long-term medication arrest can occur when the excitement, anxiety, tremor, muscle pain, rebound insomnia, nightmares, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms truncated.
preparations: tablets: 7.5mg.
zaleplon
side effects: mild. Occasional headache, dizziness, drowsiness, anxiety, forgetfulness, nausea, abdominal pain, myalgia and so on.
preparation: capsules: 5mg; 10mg.
Fourth, mood stabilizers
lithium carbonate
side-effects: Common gastrointestinal reactions, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, anorexia, thirst; nervous system, fine hand tremor, weakness, unresponsive, insomnia, headaches, dizziness, memory impairment; frequent urination, edema, weight gain, hypotension, abnormal ECG (T wave flat, inversion), long-term application, there may be thyroid and renal function decreased. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as aggravated tremor increased, there epilepsy should be considered in lithium poisoning symptoms, severe disturbance of consciousness can occur, showing acute organic brain syndrome.
preparation:
1. tablet: 0.125g; 0.25g; 0.5g.
2. Releaser: 0.3g.
sodium valproate (sodium valproate gold)
side-effects: Common gastrointestinal reactions, nausea, vomiting, anorexia. Very few patients lethargy, hair loss, weakness, ataxia, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia, has teratogenic effects. Rare liver damage, liver enzymes increased.
preparations: tablets: 100mg; 200mg.
carbamazepine (German management and more)
side effects:
1. the nervous system: mainly nystagmus, dizziness, blurred vision, diplopia, ataxia, headache, etc., and drowsiness , anxiety, irritability, increased activity.
2. Gastrointestinal tract symptoms: nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, liver dysfunction.
3. Cardiovascular: AV block, sinus bradycardia , sinoatrial block.
4. hyponatremia.
5. have teratogenic effects.
6. allergic skin rash, a few may develop exfoliative dermatitis and toxic epidermal cells necrosis.
7. hematopoietic system: a rare agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia.
preparations: tablets: 100mg; 200mg.